VFP Signs Open Letter to President on Nuclear Disarmament

April 23, 2014

During the closing session of the Nuclear Security Summit in The Hague on March 25, 2014, you cited a number of concrete measures to secure highly-enriched uranium and plutonium and strengthen the nuclear nonproliferation regime that have been implemented as a result of the three Nuclear Security Summits, concluding: “So what’s been valuable about this summit is that it has not just been talk, it’s been action.”

Would that you would apply the same standard to nuclear disarmament! On April 5, 2009 in Prague, you gave millions of people around the world new hope when you declared: “So today, I state clearly and with conviction America’s commitment to seek the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons.” Bolstered by that hope, over the past three years, there has been a new round of nuclear disarmament initiatives by governments not possessing nuclear weapons, both within and outside the United Nations. Yet the United States has been notably “missing in action” at best, and dismissive or obstructive at worst. This conflict may come to a head at the 2015 Review of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT).

We write now, on the eve of the third Preparatory Committee (PrepCom) meeting for the 2015 Review Conference of the NPT, which will take place at UN headquarters in New York April 28 – May 9, 2014, to underscore our plea that your administration shed its negative attitude and participate constructively in deliberations and negotiations regarding the creation of a multilateral process to achieve a nuclear weapons free world. This will require reversal of the dismal U.S. record.

Meanwhile, your Administration’s FY 2015 budget request seeks a 7% increase for nuclear weapons research and production programs under the Department of Energy’s semi-autonomous National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). NNSA’s “Total Weapons Activities” are slated to rise to $8.2 billion in FY 2015 and to $9.7 billion by 2019, 24% above fiscal year 2014. Your Administration is also proposing a $56 billion Opportunity Growth and Security Initiative (OGSI) to be funded through tax changes and spending reforms. OGSI is to be split evenly between defense and non-defense spending, out of which $504 million will go to NNSA nuclear weapons programs “to accelerate modernization and maintenance of nuclear facilities.” With that, your FY 2015 budget request for maintenance and modernization of nuclear bombs and warheads in constant dollars exceeds the amount spent in 1985 for comparable work at the height of President Reagan’s surge in nuclear weapons spending, which was also the highest point of Cold War spending.

We are particularly alarmed that your FY 2015 budget request includes $634 million (up 20%) for the B61 Life Extension Program, which, in contravention of your 2010 Nuclear Posture Review, as confirmed by former U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff, General Norton Schwartz, will have improved military capabilities to attack targets with greater accuracy and less radioactive fallout.

This enormous commitment to modernizing nuclear bombs and warheads and the laboratories and factories to support those activities does not include even larger amounts of funding for planned replacements of delivery systems – the bombers, missiles and submarines that form the strategic triad, which are funded through the Department of Defense. In total, according to the General Accounting Office, the U.S. will spend more than $700 billion over the next 30 years to maintain and modernize nuclear weapons systems. The James Martin Center places the number at an astounding one trillion dollars. This money is desperately needed to address basic human needs – housing, food security, education, healthcare, public safety, education and environmental protection – here and abroad.

The Good Faith Challenge

This our third letter to you calling on the U.S. government to participate constructively and in good faith in all international disarmament forums. On June 6, 2013, we wrote: “The Nuclear Security Summit process you initiated has been a success. However, securing nuclear materials, while significant, falls well short of what civil society expected following your Prague speech.” In that letter, we urged you to you speak at the September 26, 2013 High-Level Meeting on Nuclear Disarmament at the United Nations; to endorse UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon’s Five-Point Proposal on Nuclear Disarmament; to announce your convening of a series of Nuclear Disarmament Summits; to support extending the General Assembly’s Open-Ended Working Group to develop proposals to take forward multilateral nuclear disarmament negotiations for the achievement and maintenance of a world without nuclear weapons; and to announce that the U.S. would participate in the follow-on conference on the humanitarian impacts of nuclear weapons in Mexico in early 2014.

In our second letter, dated January 29, 2014, we urged that you direct the State Department to send a delegation to the Mexico conference and to participate constructively; and that your administration shed its negative attitude and participate constructively in deliberations and negotiations regarding the creation of a multilateral process to achieve a nuclear weapons free world. And we called on the United States to engage in good faith in efforts to make the Conference on Disarmament productive in pursuing the objective for which it was established more than three decades ago: complete nuclear disarmament; and to work hard to convene soon the conference on a zone free of WMD in the Middle East promised by the 2010 NPT Review Conference.

Since our last letter, the U.S. – Russian relationship has deteriorated precipitously, with the standoff over the Crimea opening the real possibility of a new era of confrontation between nuclear-armed powers. The current crisis will further complicate prospects for future arms reduction negotiations with Russia, already severely stressed by more than two decades of post-Cold War NATO expansion, deployment of U.S. missile defenses, U.S. nuclear weapons modernization and pursuit of prompt conventional global strike capability.

Keeping Our Side of the NPT Bargain

Article VI of the NPT, which entered into force in 1970, and is the supreme law of the land pursuant to Article VI of the U.S. Constitution, states: “Each of the Parties to the Treaty undertakes to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control.”

In 1996, the International Court of Justice, the judicial branch of the United Nations and the highest and most authoritative court in the world on questions of international law, unanimously concluded: “There exists an obligation to pursue in good faith and bring to a conclusion negotiations leading to nuclear disarmament in all its aspects under strict and effective international control.”

Forty-four years after the NPT entered into force, more than 17,000 nuclear weapons, most held by the U.S. and Russia, pose an intolerable threat to humanity. The International Red Cross has stated that “incalculable human suffering” will result from any use of nuclear weapons, and that there can be no adequate humanitarian response capacity. Declaring that “our nation’s deep economic crisis can only be addressed by adopting new priorities to create a sustainable economy for the 21st century,” the bi-partisan U.S. Conference of Mayors has called on the President and Congress to slash nuclear weapons spending and to redirect those funds to meet the urgent needs of cities.

We reiterate the thrust of the demands set forth in our letters of June 13, 2013 and January 29, 2014, and urge you to look to them for guidance in U.S. conduct at the 2014 NPT PrepCom. We stress the urgent need to press the “reset” button with Russia again. Important measures in this regard are an end to NATO expansion and a halt to anti-missile system deployments in Europe.

Mr. President: It’s time to move from talk to action on nuclear disarmament. There have never been more opportunities, and the need is as urgent as ever.

We look forward to your positive response.

Sincerely,

Initiating organizations:

Jacqueline Cabasso, Executive Director, Western States Legal Foundation
[contact for this letter: wslf@earthlink.net; (510) 839-5877
655 – 13th Street, Suite 201, Oakland, CA 94612]

John Burroughs, Executive Director, Lawyers Committee on Nuclear Policy

Kevin Martin, Executive Director, Peace Action

David Krieger, President, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation

Joseph Gerson, Disarmament Coordinator, American Friends Service Committee (for identification only)

Alicia Godsberg, Executive Director, Peace Action New York

Endorsing organizations (national):

Robert Gould, MD, President, Physicians for Social Responsibility

Tim Judson, Executive Director, Nuclear Information and Resource Service

Michael Eisenscher, National Coordinator, U.S. Labor Against the War (USLAW)

Michael McPhearson, Interim Executive Director, Veterans for Peace

David Swanson, WarIsACrime.org

Jill Stein, President, Green Shadow Cabinet

Terry K. Rockefeller, National Co-Convener, United for Peace and Justice

Hendrik Voss, National Organizer, School of the Americas Watch (SOA Watch)

Alfred L. Marder, President, US Peace Council

Robert Hanson, Treasurer, Democratic World Federalists

Alli McCracken, National Coordinator, CODEPINK

Margaret Flowers, MD and Kevin Zeese, JD, Popular Resistance

Endorsing organizations (by state):

Marylia Kelley, Executive Director, Tri-Valley CAREs (Communities Against a Radioactive Environment) Livermore, California

Blase Bonpane, Ph.D., Director, Office of the Americas, California

Linda Seeley, Spokesperson, San Luis Obispo Mothers for Peace, California

Susan Lamont, Center Coordinator, Peace and Justice Center of Sonoma County, California

Chizu Hamada, No Nukes Action, California

Lois Salo, Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, Peninsula Branch, California

Rev. Marilyn Chilcote, Beacon Presbyterian Fellowship, Oakland, California

Margli Auclair, Executive Director, Mount Diablo Pleace and Justice Center. California

Roger Eaton, Communications Chair, United Nations Association-USA, San Francisco Chapter, California

Dr. Susan Zipp, Vice President, Association of World Citizens, San Francisco, California
Michael Nagler, President, Metta Center for Nonviolence, California (for identification only)

Rev. Marilyn Chilcote McKenzie, Parish Associate, St. John’s Presbyterian Church of Berkeley, California (for identification only)

James E. Vann, Oakland Tenants Union, California (for identification only)

Vic and Barby Ulmer, Our Developing World, California (for identification only)

Judith Mohling, Rocky Mountain Peace and Justice Center, Colorado

Bob Kinsey, Colorado Coalition for the Prevention of Nuclear War

Medard Gabel, Executive Director, Pacem in Terris, Delaware

Roger Mills, Coordinator, Georgia Peace & Justice Coalition, Henry County Chapter

Bruce K. Gagnon, Coordinator, Global Network Against Weapons & Nuclear Power in Space, Maine

Lisa Savage, CODEPINK, Maine

Natasha Mayers, Whitefield, Maine Union of Maine Visual Artists

Shirley “Lee” Davis, GlobalSolutions.org, Maine Chapter

Lynn Harwood, the Greens of Anson, Maine

Dagmar Fabian, Crabshell Alliance, Maryland

Judi Poulson, Chair, Fairmont Peace Group, Minnesota

Marcus Page-Collonge, Nevada Desert Experience, Nevada

Gregor Gable, Shundahai Network, Nevada

Jay Coghlan, Executive Director, Nuclear Watch New Mexico

Joni Arends, Executive Director, Concerned Citizens for Nuclear Safety, New Mexico

Lucy Law Webster, Executive Director, The CENTER FOR WAR/PEACE STUDIES, New York

Alice Slater, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, New York

Sheila Croke, Pax Christi Long Island, chapter of the international Catholic peace movement, New York

Richard Greve, Co Chair, Staten Island Peace Action, New York

Rosemarie Pace, Director, Pax Christi Metro New York

Carol De Angelo, Director of Peace, Justice and Integrity of Creation, Sisters of Charity of New York (for identification only)

Gerson Lesser, M.D., Clinical Professor, New York University School of Medicine (for identification only)

Ellen Thomas, Proposition One Campaign, North Carolina

Vina Colley, Portsmouth/Piketon Residents for Environmental Safety and Security, Ohio

Harvey Wasserman, Solartopia, Ohio

Ray Jubitz, Jubitz Family Foundation, Oregon

Cletus Stein, convenor, The Peace Farm, Texas

Steven G. Gilbert, PhD, DABT, INND (Institute of Neurotoxicology & Neurological Disorders), Washington

Allen Johnson, Coordinator, Christians For The Mountains, West Virginia

cc:

John Kerry, Secretary of State
Rose Gottemoeller, Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security
Thomas M. Countryman, Assistant Secretary of State for International Security and
Nonproliferation
Susan Rice, National Security Advisor
Ben Rhodes, Deputy National Security Advisor
Samantha Power, Permanent Representative to the United Nations
Christopher Buck, Chargé d’Affaires, a.i., Conference on Disarmament
Walter S. Reid, Deputy Permanent Representative to the Conference on Disarmament

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